Spain is a multi-ethnic country.
We are seeing here an spectacular increase
of the number of people born abroad
in the last decades.
In this case, between 1998 and 2016.
There is a 13% of population
born abroad living in Spain.
This percentage is higher in the Community of Madrid.
Reaching 30%
in some neighborhoods.
Spain has one of the lowest
birth rates.
It is a great opportunity.
It is the opportunity to stop
demographic ageing
to make our Welfare State more sustainable.
Among the youngest the proportion of children born abroad
or parents
is even greater than in the general population.
Almost one out of four youngsters
has an immigrant origin in this sense.
Right now these young people are still within the education system,
but as soon as they join the labour market,
they will contribute with their productions and taxes
to sustain schools, universities,
hospitals and pensions for all of us.
The GEMM project deals with all these subjects:
"Growth, Equal Opportunities, Migration and Markets",
this is what the English acronym stands for
It gathers a consortium of ten institutions
rooted in nine European countries.
Apart from the UC3M, there are diverse partners
such as the University of Oxford,
and a research centre in Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
What institutions are the ones that facilitate
socio-economic integration of the immigrants?
This can help other countries to learn
and adjust their policies
to make their conditions more friendly
for multicultural societies.
This subject has received a lot of attention from the media.
We are interested in understanding the factors that impulse that output
and also the experiences from young people
in their new places of residence.
Normally this new type of immigrant
is shown as a victim of the circumstances,
they have to leave their countries due to an economic crisis.
And it really happens against their will.
They make an active and conscious decision
to move to another country.
That is normal, because in the 21st century Europe moves.
The third question deals with a more delicate subject:
discrimination.
It's a bit ugly, because it has to do with racism and stereotypes,
In this field, the research has concerns
because it is a barrier for integration
of immigrants in the labour markets.
To answer that kind of questions,
we have realized that surveys are not enough.
What we measure are the response rates
of the appliers of job positions
that have identical job profiles
and distinguished by their cultural origins,
whether it is their religion or their phenotype.
It is very important understand and promote
socio-economic integration of immigrants in Europe.
And, ultimately, the objective is
to better understand who we are
and what future awaits for our planet.
Thank you very much.